New Pattern Reading
Comprehension Part- 23
Today we are happy to share some comprehension
passages with which you would be able to improve your vocabulary in short term
and easily score high marks in English section in any competitive exams. All
the best.
Comprihension Exercise
The development of nationalism in the third world
countries, as is well known, followed a very different trajectory from that in
the advanced capitalist countries. In the latter it was a part of the process
of the emergence of the bourgeois order in opposition of feudalism, while in
the former it was a part of the anti-colonial struggle. The impact of
colonialism, though it differed across countries, had on the whole been in the
direction of transcending localism and unifying supra-local economic structures
through the introduction of market relations. The struggle against colonialism,
consequently, took the form of a national struggle in each instance in which
people belonging to different tribes or linguistic communities participated.
And the colonial power in each instance attempted to break this emerging
national unity by splitting people. The modus operandi of this splitting was
not just through political manipulation as happened for instance in Angola,
South Africa and a host of other countries; an important part of this modus
operandi was through the nurturing of a historiography that just denied the
existence of any overarching national consciousness. The national struggle, the
national movement were given a tribal or religious character, they were portrayed
as being no more than the movement of the dominant tribe or the dominant
religious group for the achievement of narrow sectional ends. But the important
point in this colonialism, while, on the one hand, it objectively created the
condition for the coming into being of a national consciousness at a
supra-tribal, supra-local and supra-religious level, on the other hand it
sought deliberately to subvert this very consciousness by using the same forces
which it has objectively undermined.
Question 1.
Which of the following was the advantage
of struggle against colonialism?
(a) Tribal groups held their separate identity throughout the struggle.
(b) Communities got divided on the basis of religion and language.
(c) Backwardness of tribals was eradicated.
(d) Awareness beyond linguistic and religious identity
was generated.
(e) None of these
Question 2.
How did colonial power react to topple the
anti-colonial structure?
(a) by splitting people on the basis of their financial positions
(b) by using tempting economic strategies
(c) by creating linguistic, tribal and religious
divides
(d) by instigating tribals against anti-communal forces.
(e) None of these
Question 3.
The author has given the example of
Angola, South Africa, etc in order to
(a) bring out the similarity of tactics used by the rulers of
colonies to divide the natives
(b) emphasise how nationalism has become almost extinct and capitalism has
borne roots
(c) support the argument that feudalism was opposed by people in underdeveloped
countries also
(d) lay stress on the fact that tribals in those countries were divided on
account of language
(e) None of these
Question 4.
What was the role of an introduction of
market relations in the process of economic integration?
(a)
It had different impacts in all colonial exercises.
(b) It overthrew the capitalistic approach in the third world countries.
(c) It advocated importance of localism and restricted economic growth.
(d) It broke the shackles of localism and helped unify
the economic structures.
(e) None of these
Question 5.
How did nationalism originate in the third
world countries?
(a)
as a struggle against feudalism
(b) as vehement opposition to colonialism
(c) to advocate capitalistic movement
(d) to strengthen localism
(e) None of these
Question 6.
What was the motive of colonial powers in
writing a distorted history?
(a) to emphasise he existence of domination by one tribe over other weaker
tribes
(b) to make people aware of and to integregate on the basis of their rich
cultural heritage
(c) to make people aware of their glorious religion and widely used language
(d) to give an impression to general people that there
was no national consciousness and to prevent them from being united
(e) None of these
Question 7.
Which of the following statements is
definitely true in the context of the passage?
(A)Colonialism
internally helped awakening nationalism among people of different tribes,
religions, etc.
(B) Advanced capitalist countries had nurtured nationalism as an
opposition to feudalism.
(C) The national struggle was not successful because the colonial
powers succeeded in dividing the people.
(a) A and B only
(b) B and C only
(c) A only
(d) B only
(e) C only
Question 8.
From the content of the passage, it
appears that the author is
(a) a vehement critic of anti-feudalism
(b) a staunch follower of capitalistic pattern
(c) an impartial commentator of historical and
political events
(d) a person holding colonialism in high esteem
(e) a historian with view coloured in favour of nationalism
Question 9.
The colonial powers tried to camouflage
national movement and to show it as only
(a) a historical fact having ancient roots
(b) skirmish led by a dominating tribe or a religious
group with selfish motive
(c) dominance of narrow sectional ends over national goals
(d) survival of the fittest in the struggle against colonialism
(e) None of these Directions
Question 10.
TRAJECTORY
(a)
result
(b) tradition
(c) path
(d) consequence
(e) precedence
Question 11.
TRANSCENDING
(a) widening
(b) reviving
(c) encompassing
(d) surpassing
(e) piloting
Question 12.
EMERGENCE
(a) renaissance
(b) onslaught
(c) imposition
(d) development
(e) rise Directions
Question 13.
SPLITTING
(a) severing
(b) uniting
(c) adding
(d) collecting
(e) assembling
Question 14.
NURTURING
(a) weakening
(b) cultivating
(c) demolishing
(d) fostering
Question 15.
SUBVERT
(a) conquer
(b) escalate
(c) create
(d) emanate
(e) strengthen
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