PASSAGE – 2
The new path the Constitution set for itself sought to reject the colonial conception of a divided India and replace it with a new vision for social reconstruction based on the removal of disabilities accruing from caste society. Social reconstruction on the basis of caste disability would necessarily entail the privileging and perhaps even entrenching caste identity in fashioning the new constitutional problem.
Constitution’s emphasis on social disability which is an undeniable necessity in a country like India. On the contrary it is the manner in which caste and identity has been incorporated into the constitutional framework of independent India that is the major concern. It is argued that the Constitution’s treatment of the Indian social problem suffers from exactly the same kind of problem which the nationalists used to attack the colonial conception of a divided India. That is, in establishing the minority problem the colonial state represented India in a manner that did not resonate with Indian social experience. To say that the constitutional resolution of the problem of caste disability was unable to capture the Indian social problem must be distinguished from the project of affirmative action even if carried on the basis of caste. Affirmative action projects designed for disadvantaged castes might be an entirely defensible form of addressing the problem of compensating inter-generational discrimination and social backwardness.
However, just like the nationalists attacked the colonial state of literally conjuring up a problem to rule by division, the resolution of backwardness in the constitution must also be able to stand up to the charge that it has formulated the problem of caste society in a manner that resonates with the problem of caste as it is socially experienced.
3. In the passage, why the author is putting certain doubts on social reconstruction ability of independent India’s constitution?
1. Long existed caste identity in Indian Society may further be more prevalent as constitution tries to address the caste disability in India.
2. Social reconstruction by India’s constitution, like colonial conception can divide India.
3. Social reconstruction by India’s constitution, like colonial conception can only address social problems of few sections of the society.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
(a) 1 only (b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only (d) All 1, 2 and 3
4. In the above question, doubts raised by the author on social reconstruction ability of Indian constitution can be removed, if–
(a) Social reconstruction should not be on the basis of caste disability.
(b) Affirmative action is not carried on the basis of caste.
(c) Proper mechanism is formulated to include those caste and identity in constitution that deserve to get rid of social disability.
(d) Constitution replace or reject the colonial conception of a divided India.
5. Which of the following can be said to be true about colonial conception of a divided India?
1. Colonial idea to solve the problem of minorities was against India’s social identity.
2. Colonial regime created a wrong perception of addressing minorities problem in order to rule by division.
Select the correct option from the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2.
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
6. According to the passage, how can constitution solve the Indian social problem of caste disability?
(a) If project of affirmative action is carried on the basis of caste.
(b) If social reconstruction values are firmly inculcate in the constitution.
(c) If caste identity is neglected by the constitution.
(d) If constitution solves the caste society problem as per Indian social experience.
Answers:
3. In first paragraph, it is written that constitution’s emphasis on social disability is an undeniable necessity but the problem is related to the manner of recognition of those social disability.
2 is incorrect as it says that constitution will divide India. 1 is correct as in the passage it is written that caste identity may further get entrench by addressing social disability. 3 is correct as colonial regime created a wrong perception of solving minorities problem. Hence, (b) is the correct option.
4. Author's doubt is related to the manner in which caste and identity got inducted in constitution in the name of social reconstruction. Author also consolidated his view by comparing it will colonial conception treatment of minorities. Thus, if a holistic methodology is developed to address the social disability in a way that meets the aspirations of social reconstruction values of constitution would remove the doubts of author. Hence, (c) is the correct option.
5. Towards the end of first paragraph it is written that colonial conception was to divide India but it did not resonate with Indian social experience or colonial idea of handling minorities problem was against Indian social experience and as a result nationalist disapproved it. Thus, both 1 and 2 are correct. Hence, (c) is the correct option.
6. Towards the end of second paragraph of the passage, it is written that constitution should stand up to the problem of caste society but in a manner that resonates with social experience. Hence, (d) is the correct option.
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