A volcano is an aperture in the earth’s crust that allows gases and solid fragment to be discharged. The word “volcano” refers to both the vent and the conical mountain that is built up by the ejected material. At the apex of the mountain there is usually a crater around the vent. Belts of volcanoes can be found along the crest of the ideation ridge system. They are also found at places on the earth’s crust where plate boundaries are converging, such as the Assure surrounding the Pacific Ocean and along the Mediterranean Sea.
Volcanic eruptions take the form of one or more of the
following phases: Hawaiian, Strombolian, Vulcanian, and Peleean. The Hawaiian
phase consists of relatively quiet effusions, unaccompanied by explosions or
ejections of fragments. In the stromobolian phase, there is a continuous but
mild discharge of viscous lava during recurring explosions that produce
luminous clouds. The Vulcanian phase is a more explosive one, in which masses
of solid and liquid rock erupts into the air and clouds of vapor form over the
crater. The peleean is the most violent phase, emitting “clouds” of fine ash,
hot gas-charged fragments of lava, and superheated steam that travel downhill
at great speed and can annihilate all life in their path. In this phase, the
whole mountain might even be blown apart. These eruptions may also be
accompanied by torrential rains.
1.
With what topic is this passage primarily
concerned?
a.
Causes of volcanic activity
b.
Types of eruptions
c.
Dangerous aspects of volcanoes
d.
Examples of famous eruptions
2.
The word “aperture “in line 1 refers to which of
the following?
a.
A mountain
b.
crater
c.
A force
d.
An opening
3.
The word “discharged” in line 1 could best be
replaced by which of the following words?
a.
Emitted
b.
Rejected
c.
Withheld
d.
Detached
4.
The author implies that volcanoes
a.
Are isolated occurrences
b.
Are active in the Pacific Ocean
c.
Are often spread out over one zone
d.
Erupt under the sea
5.
As used in line 2, the word “conical” refers to
which of the following?
a.
The size
b.
The area
c.
The shape
d.
The type
6.
The word “ridge” in line 4 could best be
replaced with the word
a.
Crust
b.
Crest
c.
Crater
d.
Crack
7.
The word “converging “ in line 5 refers to
a.
Rising above
b.
Coming together
c.
Sinking under
d.
Giving
under
8.
A volcanic eruption that consists of a few
explosions with a nominal flow of lava would most likely be which of the
following phases?
a.
Hawaiian
b.
Strombolian
c.
Vulcanian
d.
Peleean
9.
The word “their “in “their path” refers to which
of the following?
a.
Clouds
b.
Lava
c.
Lava
d.
Steam
10.
Which of the following most closely represents
the organization of this passage?
a.
A cause and its result
b.
A comparison of types
c.
A discussion in order of importance
d.
A definition and a description
e.
11.
The word “torrential” in the last line refers to
which of the following types of rain?
a.
Sporadic and misty
b.
A sprinkle with particles of dirt
c.
A heavy downpour
d.
Seasonal
Answer:
1.
B
2.
D
3.
A
4.
B
5.
C
6.
A
7.
B
8.
B
9.
A
10.
C
11.
C
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